Real energy consumption of Parisian social housing continued to decrease in 2023.
The comparison of social housing consumption in 2022 and 2023, be it renovated or not, shows a decrease in energy consumption. The 2023 report, based on a panel of 99,000 social housing units (compared with 75,000 in 2022) highlights the decisive impact of heating energy on consumption levels. The greatest reductions were seen in gas-heated homes, with a -12% drop in individually gas-heated homes and -10% for those with collective gas heating. A -5% drop in consumption was observed in electrically heated housing, an energy source whose potential energy efficiency benefits appear limited due to its high cost. With a -3% drop, the reduction appears more moderate in homes heated with district heating. The varied energy mix of Parisian heating networks renders them less dependent on fluctuating energy prices.
Following Climate Plan type renovation work, the initial statistical analysis results, on over 9,000 housing units and 51 operations, show an average decrease of 28% in real energy consumption after work. Saving levels varied widely from one operation to another, linked mainly to the characteristics of buildings, the initial consumption level at the start of operations, the type of renovation carried out and the level of care taken by landlords to regulate collective heating. The rebound effect, consisting of an increase in energy consumption following a reduction observed immediately after renovation work, has been described in several studies carried out on the same subject, particularly abroad. This increase has not been observed in Parisian operations. However, it may be at the root of the moderate decreases in energy consumption observed in certain operations. If one looks at the post renovation situation in 2023 alone, the year following the energy crisis during which the energy efficiency policies put in place by social landlords weighed upon the whole of the heating period, the average decrease observed per operation reached -34%.
In a context of energy economy and a significant rise in the price of electricity and gas, the study, made in partnership with the City of Paris and three main Parisian social landlords: Paris Habitat, la Régie Immobilière de la Ville de Paris (RIVP) and Elogie-SIEMP confirms the dynamics underway. The analysis of real energy consumption of the Parisian social housing stock in 2023 measures the energy saving efforts made by households and landlords in both renovated and non-renovated housing stock between 2022 and 2023. The next updates, particularly those carried out at the end of 2025 using the 2024 consumption data, should enable the Climate Plan operations finalised in 2022 to be integrated, which should significantly increase the number of homes on the renovation panel from 9,000 to almost 15,000 housing units.
