At a time when sobriety is both a priority and an essential means of achieving the objectives of halving energy consumption by 2050, monitoring actual consumption is a tool for identifying factors which explain consumption and the levers for action.
The analysis of consumption helps to orientate public policies for thermal renovation of housing and give priority to the efforts to be made on a geographical level and according to the type of housing.
In 2019, the energy consumption of residential buildings in Grand Paris represented 43.1 TWh of final energy for a population of 7 million inhabitants, i.e. an average consumption per inhabitant of about 6,000 kWh per year. This consumption is provided by different sources of energy: 51% gas, 28% electricity and 12% heat coming from heating networks, 6% fuel oil and 3% wood.
The mapping of real energy consumption per capita on a fine scale sheds light on significant consumption differences, ranging from 1 to 5, depending on the sector. Analysing the map, enables one to understand the main reasons for these differences. They involve the size of dwellings (and the number of m² per inhabitant), the income of households, the typology of buildings (houses or apartments), their thermal characteristics (which are improved when thermal renovation is carried out), and types of heating systems (individual or collective and fuel).
The analysis thus highlights the determining weight of inhabitants’ behaviour in reducing energy consumption in Grand Paris.
